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Indian Visa Types — Complete Guide for All Travellers

The most important step in planning a trip to India is choosing the correct visa category. This page gives you a deep, plain-English overview of every major visa type—purpose, validity, entries, allowed activities, restrictions, required documents, and practical tips—so you can apply with confidence and travel smoothly.

How Indian Visa Categories Work

Indian visas are designed around your purpose of travel. If your activities match your visa category, your experience at the airline counter and immigration desk stays predictable. If they don’t align, you risk additional questioning, shortened admission, refusal of entry, or problems in future applications. Common buckets include Tourist Business Employment Student Medical Conference Research Entry (X) Journalist and Intern/Training.

Quick rule: Paid work, long-term study, or enrollment never fits a Tourist or Business category. Use the Employment or Student route.

Tourist Visa

Best for leisure travel, family visits, short wellness retreats, or non-credit classes. It enables temporary stays with no professional engagement. Typical stays per entry are up to 90 days depending on your nationality and current policy.

Keep plans simple and consistent across forms, bookings, and statements. Clarity beats volume.

Business Visa

Suits meetings, trade fairs, vendor audits, site visits, pre-sales demos, and JV discussions. It permits commercial engagement without joining Indian payroll. Validity can range from 6 months to 5 years, often multiple-entry.

Employment Visa

For a paid job in India with a company, NGO, or institution. Typically for professionals with specialized skills meeting salary thresholds. Registration with FRRO/FRO after arrival is commonly required; keep address and job details up to date.

Student Visa

For full-time study at recognized universities, colleges, research centers, or traditional learning institutes. Usually granted for the course duration with buffer. Keep enrollment and address records current to maintain status.

Medical Visa

Supports specialized treatment at recognized hospitals—cardiac, oncology, orthopedics, transplant, fertility, or advanced diagnostics. Multiple entries are common for follow-ups. Up to two relatives can obtain Medical Attendant visas tied to the patient’s timeline.

Conference Visa

For government-approved conferences, seminars, or exhibitions. Dates, venue, and references must align. Often short validity aligned to event dates; usually single entry.

Research Visa

For academic research, fieldwork, archival study, or collaborations. Depending on topic/locations, extra clearances may be needed. Processing can take longer; apply early with a clear proposal and host acceptance.

Entry (X) Visa

Designed for certain non-employment long-stay cases, often dependants of Indian citizens/OCI card holders. Intent is residence for family or personal reasons, not professional work. Extensions/registration may be required.

Journalist Visa

For reporters, videographers, photographers, or documentary teams. Assignment clarity, equipment lists, and location permissions are crucial—especially for sensitive areas or drones.

Intern / Training Pathways

For academic internships, structured training, and fellowship-style engagements with Indian organizations. Sponsorship and scope of training matter; if duties mirror a job, Employment visa rules may apply.

e-Visa vs Regular Visa

e-Visas are fully online authorizations for eligible nationalities (tourism, business, medical, conference) intended for short visits. Regular/sticker visas are processed via Embassies/Missions for long stays or categories like employment, student, research.

Visit Official Indian Visa Manual – Ministry of Home Affairs (Visa Types & Rules)

Quick Compare: Popular Visa Types

CategoryPrimary PurposeTypical ValidityStay/EntryCore DocumentsKey Restriction
TouristLeisure, family visit30 days–1 yearUp to ~90 days; single/multipleItinerary, funds, return planNo paid work/study
BusinessMeetings, fairs, JV talks6 months–5 yearsOften multipleInvitation, business proofNo local payroll
EmploymentPaid jobContract-basedAs endorsedOffer/contract, employer docsEmployer switch restricted
StudentFull-time studyCourse durationAs endorsedAdmission, funding proofWork limits
MedicalTreatment & follow-upsPer treatmentOften multipleHospital letter, reportsAttendants ≤ 2
ConferenceGovt-approved eventsEvent-alignedUsually singleInvite + approvalsEvent scope only

Validity vs Stay: Validity is the travel window; actual permitted stay is what the officer endorses at entry. Always exit before that date.

Documents & Practical Tips (Type-wise)

Tourist

Business

Employment

Student

Medical

Conference

Visa Types — FAQs

No. Tourist is for leisure/social visits. Use a Business Visa for meetings, trade fairs, or negotiations.

Business allows commercial activities without joining Indian payroll. Employment covers a paid job and requires FRRO compliance.

Sometimes, with institutional permission and in line with rules. Always obtain written authorization first.

Up to two close relatives can come on Medical Attendant visas tied to the patient’s treatment timeline.

Depending on the event, yes. Get approval references and organizer documents well in advance.